File Commands
ls => directory listing
ls -al => formatted listing with hidden files
cd dir => change directory to dir
cd => change to home
cd / => change directory location up to one step
pwd => show current directory
mkdir dir => create a directory dir
rm file => delete file
rm -r dir => delete directory dir
rm -f file => force remove file
rm -rf dir => force remove directory dir *
cp file1 file2 => copy file1 to file2
cp -r dir1 dir2 => copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist
cp -p file1 file2 =>preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps (ก๊อบปี้ไฟล์ให้เหมือนเดิม)
cp -d =>เก็บสถานะ link file
mv file1 file2 => rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into directory file2
ln -s file link => create symbolic link link to file
touch file => create or update file
cat > file => places standard input into file
more file => output the contents of file
head file => output the first 10 lines of file
tail file => output the last 10 lines of file
tail -f file => output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines
System Info
date – show the current date and time
cal – show this month's calendar
uptime – show current uptime
w – display who is online
whoami – who you are logged in as
finger user – display information about user
uname -a – show kernel information
cat /proc/cpuinfo – cpu information
cat /proc/meminfo – memory informationman
command – show the manual for command
df – show disk usage (#df -H)
du – show directory space usage
free – show memory and swap usage
whereis app – show possible locations of app
which app – show which app will be run by default
netstat -a check LAN port in system
Compression File
tar cf file.tar files – create a tar named
file.tar containing files
tar xf file.tar – extract the files from file.tar
tar czf file.tar.gz files – create a tar with Gzip compression
tar xzf file.tar.gz – extract a tar using Gzip
tar cjf file.tar.bz2 – create a tar with Bzip2 compression
tar xjf file.tar.bz2 – extract a tar using Bzip2
gzip file – compresses file and renames it to file.gz
gzip -d file.gz – decompresses file.gz back to file
Network
ping host – ping host and output results
whois domain – get whois information for domain
dig domain – get DNS information for domain
dig -x host – reverse lookup host
wget file – download file
wget -c file – continue a stopped download
netstat -a check LAN port in system
netstat -? check network status help